How to build an igloo – Ray Mears – answers to and notes on exercise 2
1 They lodge against each other.
to lodge – 1) to stay in accommodation for a temporary period, 2) to make or become firmly fixed in a place eg "I’ll just lodge this block against the door to keep the draught out."
2 To stand on top of it.
3 About 45 minutes. Note the structure used in the video: ‘It only took about 45 minutes for the Inuit to build the igloo’.
4 No – in the past whole families could spend the winter in one not much bigger, so it is a bit smaller than one for a family.
5 "It is not as easy as it looks."
6 1) He / She has to make the blocks lean at just the right angle and then 2) he / she has to end up by standing inside the igloo and cut himself / herself out.
7 It is the only arch in the world that can be built without an internal support to start with (i.e. a catenary arch).
8 Many older Inuit like Ham Kadloo still use the old ways.
9 For heating homes.
10 a) Traditionally they were made from carved stone, but b) now they are made of metal as it is stronger and lighter.
11 When you had too much snow inside the igloo and needed to shovel it out. Notice the ‘s‘ sound on the word ‘use‘ used as a noun in the phrase ‘it has more than one use‘.
12 Just like candles except that they burn seal blubber instead of wax.
blubber – noun – the layer of fat beneath the skin of seals and whales, used mostly for extracting oil, but if necessary also for food
13 The arrival of gas lamps.
14 Because they have no working parts to go wrong.Notice the ‘z‘ sound on the word ‘use‘ used as a verb
15 A piece of flint and a piece of steel. (flint = a piece of hard, grey rock)
16 Dried plant materials, some moss and some little sticks of arctic shrubs.
17 Light and warmth / heat inside the igloo.
18 Cooking and the drying of clothing. / Cooking and drying clothing / clothes.
19 Freezing point. The lamp raises the temperature to freezing point -00 C.
20 Because it can make the difference between life and death.